Inganda nshya z’Ubushinwa
Kuva mu myaka irenga 20 ishize, ibigo byabashinwa byakomeje gushora imari mubushakashatsi niterambere ndetse n’imiterere yinganda mubijyanye ningufu nshya, bigira inyungu idasanzwe yikoranabuhanga. Dufashe bateri, igice cyingenzi cyibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, nkurugero, kuva muri bateri ya lithium yamazi kugeza kuri bateri ya lithium ikomeye, kuva muri batiri ya Kirin ifite umuriro wa kilometero 1.000 kugeza kuri 800-volt nini ya voltage ya silicon karbide hamwe na Iminota 5 yumuriro wa kilometero 400, tekinoroji yibanze ya bateri ikomeje gucika, hamwe numutekano muke, urwego rurerure rwo gutwara kandi byihuse.
Komeza kunoza sisitemu yo gutanga no gutanga amasoko. Mubikorwa, inganda zUbushinwa zagiye ziteranya buhoro buhoro kugirango zikore umusaruro unoze kandi wuzuye. Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa bushya bw’inganda zikoresha ingufu z’ingufu ntizigizwe gusa n’umubiri gakondo, chassis hamwe n’ibikoresho by’imodoka n’urusobe rutanga gusa, ahubwo harimo na batiri igaragara, igenzura rya elegitoronike, sisitemu yo gutwara amashanyarazi n’ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike na sisitemu yo gutanga porogaramu. Mu karere ka Delta ya Yangtze, imodoka nshya yingufu Oems irashobora gukemura itangwa ryibikoresho bisabwa mu gihe cyamasaha 4, bigakora "uruziga rukora amasaha 4".
Komeza kunoza ibidukikije byisoko. Isoko ry’Ubushinwa ni rinini, ryerekana ibintu byinshi, irushanwa ryuzuye, imibare, icyatsi, ubwenge bw’ubukorikori n’ubundi buryo bwihuse bwo kwihutisha ikoreshwa n’inganda, mu kwihangira imirimo no guhanga udushya ndetse no kubaho gukabije kw’ibikwiye, bikomeje kwigaragaza mu bucuruzi no mu bicuruzwa bizwi cyane. . Mu 2023, umusaruro n’ibicuruzwa by’imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu Bushinwa uziyongera ku kigero cya 35.8% na 37.9%, muri byo abagera kuri miliyoni 8.3 bazagurishwa mu Bushinwa, bangana na 87%.
Komeza guteza imbere ubwisanzure nubufatanye. Ubushinwa bwakiriye neza inganda z’amahanga kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’inganda nshya. Amasosiyete menshi y’imodoka mpuzamahanga, nka Volkswagen, Strangis na Renault, yashyizeho imishinga ihuriweho n’amasosiyete mashya y’ingufu z’abashinwa. Tesla ihwanye na kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibinyabiziga bishya byoherezwa mu Bushinwa. Umuyobozi mukuru wa Volkswagen ku isi yavuze ko "isoko ry’Ubushinwa ryabaye ikigo cy’imyororokere". Muri icyo gihe, inganda z’Abashinwa zagize uruhare runini mu ishoramari n’ubufatanye mu ikoranabuhanga mu mahanga, ibyo bikaba byaratumye iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu zaho.